Available information suggests that these outbreaks may have originated separately in each country. These outbreaks mark the first time that Marburg virus has been identified in either Equatorial Guinea or Tanzania, though the virus has been identified previously in neighboring countries and the reservoir, the Egyptian fruit bat, is known to be present in both countries. In February and March 2023, two distinct outbreaks of Marburg virus were reported in Equatorial Guinea and Tanzania.

Marburg virus disease is a rare but highly fatal viral hemorrhagic fever caused by two zoonotic viruses, Marburg virus and Ravn virus, that are closely related to ebolaviruses within family Filoviridae.

It also summarizes CDC’s recommendations for case identification, testing, and clinical laboratory biosafety considerations in the United States. To date, no confirmed cases of MVD related to these outbreaks have been reported in the United States or other countries outside Equatorial Guinea and Tanzania. This Health Advisory provides information about these outbreaks to increase awareness of the risk of imported cases in the United States. Currently, there is no evidence to suggest that these two outbreaks are related most experts agree that these represent two independent animal-to-human spillover events.

To get the most from this site, please enable JavaScript.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is issuing this Health Alert Network (HAN) Health Advisory to inform clinicians and public health departments in the United States about two confirmed outbreaks of Marburg virus disease (MVD)-one in Equatorial Guinea and one in Tanzania. See also: Command & Conquer: Red Alert, Command & Conquer: Red Alert 3, Command & Conquer, Command & Conquer: Yuri's Revenge, Command & Conquer: Red Alert (2009 video game), Music of the Command & Conquer series. The Soviets and the Allies were previously featured in Command & ConquerRed Alert 2. The game was developed by Westwood Pacific in collaboration with Westwood Studios.

Command & Conquer Red Alert 2 is a real-time strategy video game which was released for Microsoft Windows on October 25, 2000.

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